by Julie T. Steck, Ph.D., HSPP
Suicide does not discriminate. People of all genders, ages, and ethnicities can be at risk. We are becoming increasingly aware of the increased risk factors for special populations who may feel marginalized or who have experienced abuse and/or poverty. This issue will explore suicidal risk factors in younger members of at-risk groups such as the LGBQT community, Black youth, Autism Spectrum Disorders, and those with diagnosed psychiatric disorders including ADHD, depression, anxiety and mood regulation disorders. We will also discuss medication issues as part of the treatment recommended for young people struggling with issues that can lead to increased suicidal risk.
One need only listen to the news, read a newspaper, or be on social media to realize that suicide is becoming more prevalent in our society. The rate of suicide in the U.S. increased 33% from 1999 to 2017, with rates increasing more sharply after 2006. In 2017 the rate of suicide was 14 suicides per 100,000 people. While the suicide rate is highest in middle–aged males, there is increasing alarm about the rate of suicide in youth. Suicide is the second leading cause of death in adolescents. The leading cause of death in that population is unintentional death, including accidents and drug overdose.
As mental health providers, we are often asked how to identify those at risk for suicide and how to support youth to prevent suicide. According to the National Institute for Mental Health, the main risk factors for suicide are:
- a prior suicide attempt
- depression and other mental health disorders
- substance abuse disorder
- family history of a mental health or substance abuse disorder
- family history of suicide
- family violence, including physical or sexual abuse
- having guns or other firearms in the home
- being in prison or jail
- being exposed to others’ suicidal behavior, such as a family member, peer, or media figure
- medical illness
- being between the ages of 15 and 24 years or over age 60
We also know that two factors must be present for a suicide to occur – desire and ability (Joiner, 2005).
Suicide does not discriminate. People of all genders, ages, and ethnicities can be at risk. We are becoming increasingly aware of the increased risk factors for special populations who may feel marginalized or who have experienced abuse and/or poverty. This issue will explore suicidal risk factors in younger members of at-risk groups such as the LGBQT community, Black youth, Autism Spectrum Disorders, and those with diagnosed psychiatric disorders including ADHD, depression, anxiety and mood regulation disorders. We will also discuss medication issues as part of the treatment recommended for young people struggling with issues that can lead to increased suicidal risk.
For an overview of risk factors and warning signs, visit the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention.
Additional Resources:
National Institute of Mental Health
Worrying Trends in U.S. Suicide Rates
